![]() Younger children rate injection pain much higher than older children ( Goodenough 1999). We were unable to compare EMLA and amethocaine for relieving children's pain when giving blood specimens because of a lack of research with this type of needle insertion.įear of pain from needle insertion is a common childhood worry. ![]() Considering how well EMLA and amethocaine ease pain from giving blood specimens and having an intravenous drip inserted, we found that amethocaine is superior to EMLA for intravenous drip insertion. ![]() Although EMLA is effective in relieving children's pain amethocaine is superior no matter what the duration of time it is applied. We considered how well EMLA and amethocaine eased pain from needles for three application times: when the drugs were applied for a short time, a long period of time and when applied for the recommended time. Doctors, nurses and parents question which is better for relieving children's pain associated with needle insertion, EMLA or amethocaine? Also of importance is which of these drugs works best when recommended application times cannot be met? This review took six trials into account (534 children aged three months to 15 years). EMLA is generally applied for 60 minutes before the procedure, whereas amethocaine is applied for 30 minutes before drawing a blood specimen and 45 minutes before insertion of an intravenous drip. Drugs like EMLA and amethocaine have been developed to numb the skin and prevent or ease pain caused by needle insertion. When children must give a blood specimen or have an intravenous drip inserted, many feel pain. Adverse effects included itching and one case of conjunctival irritation. Erythema was observed after use of amethocaine whereas blanching was observed after using EMLA. For skin changes, EMLA was favoured in the analysis of erythema (RR 14.83, 95% CI 2.28 to 96.36). Insufficient data were available to compare anaesthetic efficacy for venipuncture.Ī comparison of amethocaine and EMLA for ease of a needle procedure was not significant only one trial reported data that could be included. Amethocaine was also significantly more efficacious than EMLA when used specifically for intravenous cannulation (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.88). Compared to EMLA, amethocaine significantly reduced the risk of pain when drugs were applied for the following durations: for 30 to 60 minutes (RR 0.61, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.91) when applied according to manufacturer's instructions (sensitivity analysis: RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.89) and when applied for over 60 minutes (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.96). ![]() For anaesthetic efficacy, amethocaine significantly reduced the risk of pain compared to EMLA when all pain data were combined into a common pain metric (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.98) when pain was self‐reported by children (RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.87) or when pain was observed by researchers (sensitivity analysis: RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.96). A meta‐analysis was performed comparing amethocaine with EMLA on anaesthetic efficacy, ease of needle procedure and resultant skin changes. Six trials consisting of 534 children, three months to 15 years of age, were included in this review.
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